Biocatalysis for the application of CO₂ as a chemical feedstock

• Apostolos Alissandratos and
• Christopher J. Easton

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2370–2387, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.259

• as a renewable chemical feedstock, greatly enabling a sustainable carbon bio-economy. Keywords: biocatalysis; carboxylase; CO2 transformation; formate dehydrogenase; RuBisCO; Introduction Depletion of fossil-fuel feedstocks and pollution resulting from their unsustainable processing and use

• heterologous CO2 fixation reactions [21], that may then be coupled to an extensive array of metabolic pathways for the delivery of target compounds. Biological strategies to increase CO2 reactivity Energetic demand of CO2 transformation Most of the carbon associated with fossil-fuel based technologies will

• number of carboxylases, phosphoanhydride bonds in ATP are hydrolysed to drive CO2 transformation through various molecular mechanisms. For example, biotin carboxylase catalysed reactions proceed through electrophilic activation of CO2 to carboxyphosphate to facilitate an attack by a nucleophile [28]. In